Contents

Title and Copyright Information

Send Us Your Comments

Preface

1 Introduction

Terminology

Versions and Releases

Migration, Upgrading, and Downgrading

Source Database and Target Database

Running Multiple Versions and Releases of Oracle

Install Version 7 and Version 8 Databases in Multiple Oracle Homes

Install Version 7 and Version 8 Databases on Separate Computers

Migrate a Version 7 Database to a Version 8 Database

Upgrade a Release 8.0 Database to a Release a 8.1 Database

Upgrade a Previous Release 8.1 Database to the Current Release

Migrate Version 7 Clients to Version 8 Clients

Using Optimal Flexible Architecture (OFA)

Running Scripts

Changing Word-Size

Rolling Upgrades for Oracle Parallel Server

Deinstalling Options

2 Overview of Migration

Overview of Migration Steps

Step 1: Prepare to Migrate

Step 2: Test the Migration Process

Step 3: Test the Migrated Test Database

Step 4: Prepare and Preserve the Source Database

Step 5: Migrate the Production Database

Step 6: Tune and Adjust the New Production Database

Role of the Database Administrator During Migration

Role of the Application Developer During Migration

3 Preparing to Migrate

Prepare to Migrate

Become Familiar with the Features of the New Database

Choose a Migration Method

Assess System Requirements vs. Resources Available

Choose an Oracle Home Directory for the New Release

Avoid Common Migration Problems

Prepare a Backup Strategy

Develop a Testing Plan

Test the Migration Process

Test the Migrated Test Database

4 Migrating from Oracle7 Using the Migration Utility

Documentation Roadmap for Using the Migration Utility

Overview of Migration Using the Migration Utility

Outline of the Migration Process

Using the Migration Utility

System Considerations and Requirements

Space Requirements

Block Size Considerations

Considerations for SQL*Net

Considerations for Replication Environments

Considerations for Migrating from ConText to interMedia

Considerations for a Distributed Database

Migrating a System with Oracle Parallel Server Installed

Migrating to a Different Operating System

Character Set Considerations

Prepare the Oracle7 Source Database for Migration

Prepare for Migration on Windows Platforms

Install the Release 8.1 Oracle Software

After Installing Oracle8i on a Windows Platform

Review Migration Utility Command-Line Options

Migrate the Oracle7 Source Database

Prepare the Oracle7 Environment for Migration on UNIX Operating Systems

Perform Migration Steps in the Oracle7 Environment

Run the Migration Utility

Check the Migration Results

Preserve the Oracle7 Source Database

Perform Migration Steps in the Oracle8i Environment

Troubleshooting Errors During Migration

Abandoning the Migration

5 Migrating from Oracle7 Using the Oracle Data Migration Assistant

Documentation Roadmap for Using the Oracle Data Migration Assistant

Overview of Migration Using the Oracle Data Migration Assistant

Restrictions Related to the Oracle Data Migration Assistant

Start with an Oracle7 Database Supported by the Oracle Data Migration Assistant

Downgrading

System Considerations and Requirements

Space Requirements

Block Size Considerations

Considerations for SQL*Net

Considerations for Replication Environments

Considerations for Migrating from ConText to interMedia

Considerations for a Distributed Database

Migrating to a Different Operating System

Character Set Considerations

Prepare the Oracle7 Source Database for Migration

Prepare for Migration on a Windows Platform

Install the Release 8.1 Oracle Software and Migrate the Database

Running the Oracle Data Migration Assistant Independently

Finish the Migration

Troubleshooting Errors During Migration

Abandoning the Migration

6 Migrating Using Export/Import

Basics of Export/Import

Export Utility Requirements

Import Requirements

Additional Options

Migrate the Source Database Using Export/Import

7 Upgrading from a Previous Version 8 Release to the New Oracle8i Release

Upgrade Paths

Upgrading the Database to the New Oracle8i Release

Prepare to Upgrade

Upgrade the Database

Upgrading Specific Components

Upgrading interMedia Text From a Previous 8.1 Release

Upgrading Oracle Replication

Upgrading JServer

Upgrading Oracle Parallel Server

Upgrading Snapshots

Upgrading the Advanced Queuing Option

Upgrading User-Defined Datatypes

Upgrading the Recovery Catalog

Upgrading Statistics Tables Created by the DBMS_STATS Package

Recompiling Invalid PL/SQL Modules

Changing the Word-Size of Your Current Release

8 After Migrating or Upgrading the Database

Tasks to Complete After Migrating or Upgrading Your Database

Back Up the Database

Change the Password for the OUTLN User

Copy LONGs to LOBs

Check for Bad Date Constraints

Avoid Problems with Parallel Execution

Install ODCI.jar and CartridgeServices.jar Files

Modify Your listener.ora File

Migrate or Upgrade Your Standby Database to Oracle Release 8.1

Add New Features as Appropriate

Develop New Administrative Procedures as Needed

Adjust Your Initialization Parameter File for the New Release

Normalize Filenames on Windows Platforms

Tasks to Complete Only After Migrating Your Database

Rebuild Unusable Bitmap Indexes

Migrate Partition Views to Partition Tables

Migrate or Upgrade to the New Release of Net8 (Optional)

Test the Database and Compare Results

Tune the Migrated Database

Task to Complete Only After Upgrading Your Database

Rebuild Unusable Function-Based Indexes

9 Compatibility and Interoperability

What Is Compatibility?

The COMPATIBLE Initialization Parameter

Features Requiring 8.1.0 or Higher Compatibility Level

Applications

Tablespaces

Schema Objects

Partitioning

Built-In Datatypes

User-Defined Datatypes

Oracle Parallel Server

Data Protection

Distributed Databases

Data Access

Data Warehousing

Spatial and Visual Information

What Is Interoperability?

Compatibility and Interoperability Issues

Applications

Startup and Shutdown

Tablespaces and Datafiles

Data Dictionary

Schema Objects

Datatypes

User-Defined Datatypes

SQL and PL/SQL

Advanced Queuing (AQ)

Procedures and Packages

Oracle Optimizer

Oracle Parallel Server

Database Security

Database Backup and Recovery

Distributed Databases

SQL*Net or Net8

Export/Import

Miscellaneous Compatibility and Interoperability Issues

10 Upgrading Your Applications

Overview of Upgrading Applications to Oracle8i

Compatibility Issues for Applications

Upgrading Precompiler and OCI Applications

Understanding Software Upgrades and Your Client/Server Configuration

Compatibility Rules for Applications When Upgrading Oracle Software

Upgrading Options for Your Precompiler and OCI Applications

Upgrading SQL*Plus Scripts

Upgrading Oracle7 Forms or Oracle Developer Applications

11 Migrating from Server Manager to SQL*Plus

Startup Differences

Starting Server Manager

Starting SQL*Plus

Commands

New SQL*Plus Release 8.1 Commands

Commands Common to Server Manager and SQL*Plus

SQL*Plus Equivalents for Server Manager Commands

Possible Differences in the SET TIMING Command

Server Manager Commands Unavailable in SQL*Plus

Syntax Differences

Comments

Blank Lines

The Hyphen Continuation Character

Ampersands

CREATE TYPE and CREATE LIBRARY Commands

COMMIT Command

12 Migration Issues for Physical Rowids

Migrating Applications and Data

The DBMS_ROWID Package

Rowid Conversion Types

Rowid Conversion Functions

Conversion Procedure Examples

Snapshot Refresh

Version 7 and Version 6 Client Compatibility Issues

ROWID Migration and Compatibility Issues

Accessing a Version 7 Database from a Version 8 Client

Accessing a Version 8 Database from a Version 7 Client

Import and Export

Frequently Asked Questions About Rowid Migration

13 Downgrading to an Older Version 8 Release

Perform a Full Offline Backup

Remove Incompatibilities

Tablespaces

Schema Objects

Partitioning

Datatypes

User-Defined Datatypes

SQL and PL/SQL

Java

Advanced Queuing (AQ)

Procedures and Packages

Constraints and Triggers

Oracle Optimizer

Security

Database Backup and Recovery

Distributed Databases

Net8

Reset Database Compatibility

Downgrade the Database

Regenerating Replication Support

Re-Installing the UTL_REF Package on Release 8.0.4

Re-Installing Recovery Manager Packages on Release 8.0.3

14 Downgrading to Oracle7

Overview of Downgrading from Oracle8i to Oracle7

Downgrading a Database That Does Not Contain New or Changed Data

Downgrading a Database That Contains New or Changed Data

Alternative Downgrading Methods

A Troubleshooting Migration Problems

Problems Using the Migration Utility or Oracle Data Migration Assistant

General Migration Problems

Migration Utility Errors

Problems at the ALTER DATABASE CONVERT Statement

Oracle7 Control Files Exist

Database Started in Mode Other Than NOMOUNT

Convert File Not Found

REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE Initialization Parameter Set to EXCLUSIVE

Database Name Mismatch

Rerunning the ALTER DATABASE CONVERT Statement

Datafile Version Integrity Problem

Problems While Running the Manual Migration and Upgrade Scripts

Script Runs for an Inordinately Long Time

B Changes to Initialization Parameters

Initialization Parameters Added in Version 8

Initialization Parameters Added in Release 8.0

Initialization Parameters Added in Release 8.1

Initialization Parameters Renamed in Version 8

Initialization Parameters Renamed in Release 8.0

Initialization Parameters Renamed in Release 8.1.4

Initialization Parameters Renamed in Release 8.1.5

Initialization Parameters Obsolete in Version 8

Initialization Parameters Obsolete in Release 8.0

Initialization Parameters Obsolete in Release 8.1

Compatibility Issues with Initialization Parameters

SORT_AREA_SIZE And SORT_DIRECT_WRITES Parameters

New Default Value for LOG_CHECKPOINT_TIMEOUT

Data Dictionary Protection

The DML_LOCKS Parameter

The DB_DOMAIN Parameter

Parallel Execution Allocated from Large Pool

Archive Log Destination Parameters

The ORACLE_TRACE_ENABLE Parameter

C Changes to Static Data Dictionary Views

Static Data Dictionary Views Added in Version 8

Static Data Dictionary Views Added in Release 8.0

Static Data Dictionary Views Added in Release 8.1

Static Data Dictionary Views with Added Columns in Version 8

Static Data Dictionary Views with Added Columns in Release 8.0

Static Data Dictionary Views with Added Columns in Release 8.1

Static Data Dictionary Views with Dropped Columns in Version 8

Static Data Dictionary Views with Dropped Columns in Release 8.0

Static Data Dictionary Views with Dropped Columns in Release 8.1

Static Data Dictionary Views with Renamed Columns in Version 8

Static Data Dictionary Views with Renamed Columns in Release 8.0

Static Data Dictionary Views with Columns That May Return Nulls

Static Data Dictionary Views Obsolete in Version 8

Static Data Dictionary Views Obsolete in Release 8.0

Static Data Dictionary Views Obsolete in Release 8.1

D Changes to Dynamic Performance Views

Dynamic Performance Views Added in Version 8

Dynamic Performance Views Added in Release 8.0

Dynamic Performance Views Added in Release 8.1

Dynamic Performance Views Renamed in Version 8

Dynamic Performance Views Renamed in Release 8.1

Dynamic Performance Views with Added Columns in Version 8

Dynamic Performance Views with Added Columns in Release 8.0

Dynamic Performance Views with Added Columns in Release 8.1

Dynamic Performance Views with Dropped Columns in Release 8.1

Dynamic Performance Views with Dropped Columns in Release 8.1

Dynamic Performance Views with Renamed Columns in Release 8.1.6

Dynamic Performance Views Obsolete in Version 8

Dynamic Performance Views Obsolete in Release 8.1

Date Columns in Dynamic Performance Views

E New Internal Datatypes and SQL Functions

Internal Datatypes Added in the New Release

Internal Datatypes Added in Release 8.0

Internal Datatype Added in Release 8.1

SQL Functions Added in the New Release

SQL Functions Added in Release 8.0

SQL Functions Added in Release 8.1

F SQL*Net and Net8 Considerations for Migrations and Upgrades

Net8 and SQL*Net Differences

Obsolete SQL*Net Parameters

Client and Database Coexistence Issues

Release 8.1 Client Connections to Release 8.1 Database

Release 8.0/Oracle7 Client Connections to Release 8.1 Database

Release 8.1 Client Connections to Release 8.0/Oracle7 Database

Oracle Names

Using the Net8 Assistant to Handle Compatibility Issues

Migrating and Upgrading to Net8 Release 8.1

Step 1: Verify Service Name and Instance Name

Step 2: Perform Software Upgrade or Migration on the Server

Step 3: Perform Software Migration or Upgrade on the Client

Step 4: Perform Functional Upgrade and Migration

Using Oracle Connection Manager Release 8.1

Using Oracle Connection Manager Instead of Oracle Multi-Protocol Interchange

Using Oracle Names Version 8

Migrating from Oracle Names Version 2 Using a Database

Migrating from Oracle Names Version 2 with the Dynamic Discovery Option

Migrating from ROSFILES

Reviewing Migration Checklist

G Migration and Compatibility for Replication Environments

Migration Overview for Replication

Migrating All Sites at Once

Incremental Migration

Preparing Oracle7 Master Sites for Incremental Migration

Incremental Migration of Snapshot Sites

Incremental Migration of Master Sites

Migration Using Export/ Import

Upgrading to Primary Key Snapshots

Primary Key Snapshots Conversion at Master Sites

Primary Key Snapshot Conversion at Snapshot Sites

Features Requiring Migration to Oracle Version 8

Obsolete Procedures

Index