Contents

Title and Copyright Information

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Preface

What's New in Oracle8i?

Release 8.1.6

Release 8.1.5

Structure

Changes to This Book

Audience

Knowledge Assumed of the Reader

Conventions

Text

Recovery Manager Syntax Diagrams and Notation

Code Examples

How to Use This Guide

Your Comments Are Welcome

Part I Developing a Backup and Recovery Strategy

1 What Is Backup and Recovery?

What Is Backup and Recovery?

How Oracle Keeps Records of Database Transactions

Backup and Recovery Operations

Elementary Backup and Recovery Strategy

Which Data Structures Are Important for Backup and Recovery?

Datafiles

Control Files

Rollback Segments

Online Redo Log Files

Archived Redo Log Files

Understanding Basic Backup Strategy

Why Are Backups Important?

What Types of Failures Can Occur?

What Type of Backup Should You Make?

Should You Make Consistent or Inconsistent Backups?

What Is a Redundancy Set?

Which Backup Method Should You Use?

How Often Should You Make Backups?

Understanding Basic Recovery Strategy

What Is Media Recovery?

Which Recovery Method Should You Use?

2 Managing Data Structures

Overview of Backup and Recovery Data Structures

Managing the Control File

Displaying Control File Information

Backing Up the Control File After Structural Changes

Maintaining Multiple Control Files

Recovering from the Loss of Control Files

Managing the Online Redo Logs

Displaying Online Redo Log Information

Multiplexing Online Redo Log Files

Managing the Archived Redo Logs

Displaying Archived Redo Log Information

Choosing the Database Archiving Mode

Setting the Archive Mode

Archiving Redo Logs to Multiple Locations

3 Developing a Backup and Recovery Strategy

Developing a Backup Strategy

Obeying the Golden Rule of Backup and Recovery

Choosing the Database Archiving Mode

Multiplexing Control Files, Online Redo Logs, and Archived Redo Logs

Performing Backups Frequently and Regularly

Performing Backups When You Make Structural Changes

Backing Up Often-Used Tablespaces

Performing Backups After Unrecoverable/Unlogged Operations

Performing Whole Database Backups After Opening with the RESETLOGS Option

Archiving Older Backups

Knowing the Constraints for Distributed Database Backups

Exporting Data for Added Protection and Flexibility

Avoiding the Backup of Online Redo Logs

Developing a Recovery Strategy

Testing Backup and Recovery Strategies

Planning Your Response to Non-Media Failures

Planning Your Response to Media Failures

Part II Performing Operating System Backup and Recovery

4 Performing Operating System Backups

Listing Database Files Before Performing a Backup

Performing Operating System Backups

Performing Whole Database Backups

Performing Tablespace and Datafile Backups

Performing Control File Backups

Verifying Backups

Testing the Restore of Backups

Using the DBVERIFY Utility

Responding to a Failed Online Tablespace Backup

Using Export and Import for Supplemental Protection

Using Export

Using Import

5 Performing Media Recovery

Determining Which Files to Recover

Restoring Files

Restoring Backup Datafiles

Re-Creating Datafiles when Backups Are Unavailable

Restoring Necessary Archived Redo Log Files

Understanding Basic Media Recovery Procedures

Using Media Recovery Statements

Applying Archived Redo Logs

Recovering a Database in NOARCHIVELOG Mode

Recovering a Database in ARCHIVELOG Mode

Performing Media Recovery in Parallel

Performing Complete Media Recovery

Performing Closed Database Recovery

Performing Open Database Recovery

Performing Incomplete Media Recovery

Performing Cancel-Based Recovery

Performing Time-Based Recovery

Performing Change-Based Recovery

Opening the Database After Media Recovery

What Is a RESETLOGS Operation?

Determining Whether to Reset the Online Redo Logs

Following Up After a RESETLOGS Operation

Recovering a Pre-RESETLOGS Backup

6 Media Recovery Scenarios

Understanding the Types of Media Failures

Recovering After the Loss of Datafiles

Losing Datafiles in NOARCHIVELOG Mode

Losing Datafiles in ARCHIVELOG Mode

Recovering Through an ADD DATAFILE Operation

Recovering Transported Tablespaces

Recovering After the Loss of Online Redo Log Files

Recovering After Losing a Member of a Multiplexed Online Redo Log Group

Recovering After the Loss of All Members of an Online Redo Log Group

Recovering After the Loss of Archived Redo Log Files

Recovering After the Loss of Control Files

Losing a Member of a Multiplexed Control File

Losing All Copies of the Current Control File

Recovering from User Errors

Performing Media Recovery in a Distributed Environment

Coordinating Time-Based and Change-Based Distributed Database Recovery

Recovering a Database with Snapshots

7 Performing Operating System Tablespace Point-in-Time Recovery

Introduction to O/S Tablespace Point-in-Time Recovery

TSPITR Advantages

TSPITR Methods

TSPITR Terminology

Planning for Tablespace Point-in-Time Recovery

TSPITR Limitations

TSPITR Requirements

Preparing the Databases for TSPITR

Step 1: Determine Whether Objects Will Be Lost

Step 2: Research and Resolve Dependencies on the Primary Database

Step 3: Prepare the Primary Database

Step 4: Prepare the Clone Parameter Files

Step 5: Prepare the Clone Database

Performing TSPITR

Step 1: Recover the Clone Database

Step 2: Open the Clone Database

Step 3: Prepare the Clone Database for Export

Step 4: Export the Metadata

Step 5: Copy the Recovery Set Clone Files to the Primary Database

Step 6: Import the Metadata into the Primary Database

Step 7: Prepare the Primary Database for Use

Step 8: Back Up the Recovered Tablespaces in the Primary Database

Performing Partial TSPITR of Partitioned Tables

Step 1: Create a Table on the Primary Database for Each Partition Being Recovered

Step 2: Drop the Indexes on the Partition Being Recovered

Step 3: Exchange Partitions with Stand-Alone Tables

Step 4: Take the Recovery Set Tablespace Offline

Step 5: Create Tables at Clone Database

Step 6: Drop Indexes on Partitions Being Recovered

Step 7: Exchange Partitions with Stand-Alone Tables

Step 8: Export the Clone Database

Step 9: Copy the Recovery Set Datafiles to the Primary Database

Step 10: Import into the Primary Database

Step 11: Bring Recovery Set Tablespace Online

Step 12: Exchange Partitions with Stand-Alone Tables

Step 13: Back Up the Recovered Tablespaces in the Primary Database

Performing TSPITR of Partitioned Tables When a Partition Has Been Dropped

Step 1: Find the Low and High Range of the Partition that Was Dropped

Step 2: Create a Temporary Table

Step 3: Delete Records From Partitioned Table

Step 4: Take Recovery Set Tablespaces Offline

Step 5: Create Tables at Clone Database

Step 6: Drop Indexes on Partitions Being Recovered

Step 7: Exchange Partitions with Stand-Alone Tables

Step 8: Export the Clone Database

Step 9: Copy the Recovery Set Datafiles to the Primary Database

Step 10: Import into the Primary Database

Step 11: Bring Recovery Set Tablespace Online

Step 12: Insert Stand-Alone Tables into Partitioned Tables

Step 13: Back Up the Recovered Tablespaces in the Primary Database

Performing TSPITR of Partitioned Tables When a Partition Has Split

Step 1: Drop the Lower of the Two Partitions at the Primary Database

Steps 2-13: Follow Same Steps as for Partial TSPITR of Partitioned Tablespaces

TSPITR Tuning Considerations

Recovery Set Location Considerations

Backup Control File Considerations

Performing TSPITR Using Transportable Tablespaces

Index